Interpretation Response | PHMSA If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. [4][6] It is banned in 52 countries and the state of California, and is under review for addition to the Stockholm Convention On Persistent Organic Pollutants. 89 0 obj <>stream LINDANE A REVIEW OF TOXICITY AND Remove contaminated clothes. Formula: C6H6Cl6 Your browser does not support JavaScript. [16] The vast majority (85%) of these reports488 totalwere classified as nonserious, while serious events most often resulted from product misuse (80% of serious cases). Depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is suggested. This produces toxic and corrosive fumes including chlorine (see ICSC 0126), hydrogen chloride (see ICSC 0163) and phosgene (see ICSC 0007). [27] Similar findings were noted by U.S. Geologic Survey teams in 1999 and 2000. Lindane To use all functions of this page, please activate cookies in your browser. WebThe table located at Appendix B to 172.101, List of Marine Pollutants, contains two columns. [32][33] In the U.S., petitions to ban the use of pharmaceutical lindane have been rejected by the FDA and determined to be without merit by experts working with this regulatory agency. Hepatic cytochrome P-450 oxygenase system. Lindane is a neurotoxin that interferes with GABA neurotransmitter function by interacting with the GABAA receptor-chloride channel complex at the picrotoxin binding site. WebSurface waters near industrialized and agricultural areas are contaminated with hundreds of different pollutants from a variety of sources. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. Severe Marine Pollutants - ReadyGo 49 CFR 172.322 - Marine pollutants. | Electronic Code 2-ethyl-hexyl-4-trimethoxycinnamate (Octinoxate, Uvinul MC80) Glyceril octanoate dimethoxylcinnamate. Lindane in soil can leach to surface and even ground water and can bioaccumulate in the food chain. Lindane, Hexachlorocyclohexane (Technical Grade), 0000003168 00000 n Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0 does not support some functions on Chemie.DE. 0 WebLindane is an organochlorine pesticide belonging to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that has been widely used to treat agricultural pests. Six cases of congenital anomaly were also describedfive for infants "possibly" exposed to lindane in utero and one paternal exposurebut no characteristic pattern of effect was noted. (4) For domestic transportation, a packaging marked prior to January 1, 2017 and in conformance with the requirements of this paragraph in effect on December 31, 2014, may continue in service until the end of its useful life. Column 1 is labeled S.M.P. for Severe Marine Pollutants and Column 2 is As noted by the U.S. District Court, the case pleads that [d]efendants swap agricultural and pharmaceutical research selectively quoting and/or misstating findings from studies relating to the agricultural use of lindane, and widely disseminate false, misleading, and defamatory statements about the safety profile and effectiveness of lindane.[34] On June 18, 2007, Judge Elaine Bucklo issued a written decision denying defendants motion to dismiss and further held that Morton Grove had properly pled a case suitable for trial on the following counts: defamation, false advertising under the Federal Lanham Act, trade disparagement and violation of the Illinois Uniform Deceptive Trade Practice Act. Studies of the carcinogenic effects of lindane have been inconclusive and often limited by study design; however, no major carcinogenic effects have been noted in human trials to date. The Persistent Organic Pollutants Review Committee of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants considers the use of lindane in agriculture as largely redundant, with other, less toxic and less persistent pesticides. Exposure to large amounts of lindane can negatively affect the nervous system, producing a range of symptoms from headache and dizziness to seizures, convulsions and more rarely death. For these purposes, 105 fish were exposed to different concentrations of Lindane for 96 h in 5 groups with 3 replications. 0000004014 00000 n [15], The current FDA-approved product labeling emphasizes that lindane medications are contraindicated for use in premature infants and individuals with known uncontrolled seizure disorders and should be used with caution in infants, children, the elderly, and individuals with other skin conditions (e.g., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis) and in those who weigh less than 110 lbs (50 kg) as they may be at risk of serious neurotoxicity. The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol, through the skin and by ingestion. WebLINDANE: ICSC: 0053 (November 2016) gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane gamma-BHC gamma-HCH: CAS #: 58-89-9: UN #: 2761 EC Number: 200-401-2 ACUTE A review of the most serious cases described 15 deaths of which two were confirmed related to lindane misuse including a suicidal ingestion. [7] (see also Regulatory History) Repeatedly, the FDA has concluded that lindane medications provide public health benefits at an acceptably low level of riska factor for all medications. FDA-approved for the second-line treatment of scabies, pubic lice (crabs) and head lice. Effects of short-term exposure Previous work showed that Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806 degrades lindane and that, in the presence of the pesticide, 0000001686 00000 n Lindane is moderately toxic to mammals and may be a neurotoxin. 0000006227 00000 n (see also Regulatory Status). [1] Water | Free Full-Text | The Toxic Effects of Lindane via the However, a significant amount of Lindane is also found in Dizziness. In 2003, the FDA published a safety analysis of adverse events reported in association with the use of lindane medications received through its adverse event monitoring system (AERS database) between from 1974 through 2002. [11][12], While adverse reactions can occur with use of low-dose topical pharmaceutical formulations, serious effects are rare and have most often resulted from the misuse of medication. [20] The majority of studies of the general population have also shown no association between serum or breast tissue levels of lindane and breast cancer. Lindane [23] However, more recent evaluations by subject matter experts do not support this rating. This produces toxic and corrosive fumes including hydrogen chloride and trichlorobenzenes (see ICSCs 0344, 1049 and 1222). Marine Drugs | Free Full-Text | Lindane Bioremediation Capability Gyceril PABA. 0000000016 00000 n Refer immediately for medical attention. Find out how LUMITOS supports you with online marketing. with the financial assistance of the European Commission. [25] In 2002, the EPA concluded that lindane agricultural products were eligible for re-registration given industry compliance with certain data and labeling requirements to mitigate occupational risks to workers. [4] There is a bill in the New York State Assembly and Senate to ban its use in head lice products and limit its use on scabies, which had not passed as of September 2007. [6] %PDF-1.4 % 0000001244 00000 n Physical State; Appearance This mark may be displayed in black lettering on a white square-on-point configuration having the same outside dimensions as a placard. [1] pollution WebThe concentration addition model was applied to determine whether toxicity of two compounds, phenanthrene (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) and lindane Camphor benzalkonium methosulfate. With an accout for my.chemeurope.com you can always see everything at a glance and you can configure your own website and individual newsletter. [28] More specifically, the EPA conducted down-the-drain estimates of the amount of lindane reaching public water supplies from the use of lindane medications using data from California water treatment facilities, concluding that lindane levels from pharmaceutical sources were extremely low and not of concern.[5]. Where dimensions are not specified, all features shall be in approximate proportion to those shown. [1] Adverse hematologic effects have also been reported with chronic occupational exposures and excessive dermal applications; however, a direct cause and effect has not been established. (4) On a package of limited quantity material marked in accordance with 172.315 of this part. For example, warfarin is used as a rodenticide to poison mice and rats (e.g., Kaput, D-Con) but is also formulated for medical use as an oral anticoagulant or "blood thinner" to treat patients with heart attacks, strokes and other clot-related disorders (e.g., Coumadin). eCFR :: 49 CFR 171.4 -- Marine pollutants. A wide range of pollutionfrom plastic pollution to light pollutionaffects marine ecosystems. Boiling point: 323C Melting point: 113C Density: 1.9 g/cmSolubility in water, g/100ml at 20C: 0.0007 (very poor)Vapour pressure, Pa at 20C: 0.0012 Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20C (air = 1): 1Octanol/water partition coefficient as log Pow: 3.61 - 3.72. Fish, marine mammals and birds in the region are exposed to environmental pollutants, increasing the stress of the marine ecosystem. The authors concluded that "The California experience suggests elimination of pharmaceutical lindane produced environmental benefits, was associated with a reduction in reported unintentional exposures and did not adversely affect head lice and scabies treatment. [7] [17] When used properly, lindane medications are safe and effective for the diseases they are approved. Read what you need to know about our industry portal chemeurope.com. Marine pollution %PDF-1.6 % For example, a meta-analysis of studies looking at the association between occupational exposure to agricultural lindane and non-Hodgkins lymphona among U.S. farmers found that lindane was not a primary factor in the development of the disease. [7], Based on these findings, lindane lotion and lindane shampoo were limited to small unit-dose bottles in 2003 by the FDA to mitigate the risk of misuse and further enhance product safety. The substance may have effects on the nervous system, bone marrow and liver. (ii) At least 250 mm (9.8 inches) for marks applied to all other bulk packages. In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. Nausea. This may result in convulsions. Sore throat. [4] Lindane has not been manufactured in the U.S. since the mid-1970s but continues to be imported and formulated for restricted use. Lindane is registered for use in 50 countries, with restricted-use status in 33 of these countries. This substance does enter the environment under normal use. Marine pollutants or environmentally hazardous substances are materials that can pose a risk to aquatic ecosystems. Marine pollutant is a term mainly used by IMDG code while the term " environmentally hazardous substances " are used by other dangerous goods regulations such as ADR and IATA.

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